Hidden Agenda: Blaming Wayanadu Disaster Victims and the Role of NGOs Behind the Carbon Fund
"Let us open our hearts and weep; the calamity of blame has engulfed us. Everything we have made in life has been lost... children have been lost... children have lost their parents... parents have lost their children. Who can compensate us for the losses we have suffered? We are called oppressors in a situation where we cannot even burst into tears from pain. Those who accuse us of farming think worse than animals," said Farmer Organization leader Joy Kannanchira.
1. Global Climate Change
- Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The increase in global temperatures due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is a significant factor. The Arabian Sea, like other bodies of water, is absorbing more heat as global temperatures rise.
- Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction: Changes in global wind patterns and ocean currents, driven by global warming, are affecting the Arabian Sea’s temperature. Warmer global temperatures lead to warmer sea surface temperatures.
2. Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)
- The IOD is a climate phenomenon in the Indian Ocean characterized by differences in sea surface temperature between the western and eastern parts of the ocean. A positive IOD event, where the western Indian Ocean, including the Arabian Sea, becomes warmer than the eastern part, can contribute to the warming of the Arabian Sea.
3. Reduced Monsoon Winds
- Weaker Winds: The monsoon winds over the Arabian Sea play a crucial role in mixing surface water with cooler, deeper water. Weaker winds, which may be a result of climate change, reduce this mixing, leading to higher sea surface temperatures.
- Evaporation and Heat Retention: Reduced winds also mean less evaporation, which contributes to the retention of heat in the sea’s surface layers.
4. Local Factors
- Urbanization and Industrialization: Coastal urbanization and industrial activities, particularly along the Indian and Pakistani coasts, have led to increased runoff and pollution. This can affect the sea’s albedo (reflectivity), leading to more heat absorption.
- Algal Blooms: Increased nutrient runoff from agriculture can lead to algal blooms, which, when they decay, can cause localized warming of the sea surface.
5. Changing Ocean Currents
- Shifts in ocean currents due to global climate patterns can bring warmer water into the Arabian Sea, further contributing to its warming.
6. Increased Sea Surface Temperature (SST)
- The Arabian Sea has been experiencing an overall increase in sea surface temperature, partly due to the factors mentioned above. This increase in SST contributes to the broader warming trend observed in the region.
7. Impact of El Niño
- El Niño events, characterized by the warming of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, can influence weather patterns globally, including in the Arabian Sea region. During El Niño, the Arabian Sea can experience higher temperatures.
This combination of global and local factors has led to a significant increase in the Arabian Sea’s temperature, contributing to more frequent and intense cyclones and affecting the regional climate and marine ecosystem.